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1543 - Portuguese sailors arrive in Tanegashima （種子島）and transmit the arquebus (火繩槍). 1549 - St Francis Xavier arrives in Kagoshima (鹿兒島). Dainichi (大日如来 Vairocana) 1555 - Establishment of Macau by the Portuguese. Dispatch of annual trading ships to Japan. 1570 - Japanese pirates (倭寇) occupy parts of Taiwan, from where they prey on China. 1575 - Battle of Nagashino (長篠), where firearms are used extensively. 1582-1590 - The Japanese Mission to Europe - the jouney of four samurai boys 1592 - Japan invades Korea in the Seven-Year War (萬曆朝鮮戰爭) with an army of 160,000. - First known mention of Red Seal Ships (朱印船 Shuinsen). 1597 - Martyrdom of 26 Christians (essentially Franciscans) in Nagasaki(長崎). 1598 - Death of Hideyoshi（豊臣秀吉） 1600 - Arrival of William Adams (三浦按針) on the Liefde. 1602 - Dutch warships attack the Portuguese carrack (卡拉克帆船) Santa Catarina near Malacca (馬六甲). 1603 - establishment of Edo (江戸) as the seat of Bakufu (幕府) government. 1609 - The Dutch open a trading factory in Hirado (平戸). 1613 - England opens a trading factory in Hirado. 1614 - Edict of Tokugawa Ieyasu (德川家康) to expell the Jesuits from Japan. Prohibition of Christianity. 1622 - Mass martyrdom of Christians. 1623 - The English close their factory at Hirado, because of unprofitability. 1628 - Portuguese trade in Japan is prohibited during 3 years as a reprisal. 1637 - Shimabara Rebellion (島原の乱) by Christian peasants. 1638 - Definitive prohibition of trade with Portugal as result of Shimabara Rebellion blamed on Catholic intrigues. 1641 - The Dutch trading factory is moved from Hirado to Nagasaki. |