[Fish] Session 2 (Jan 19, 2012)

Missionary groups


* Catholic terminology (修道,團體,聖職,傳教,教會)

隱修士，monk
修士，小兄弟，friar, brother
修會會士，

隱修會，monastic order
修會, order
愛德會，charity society (congregation)
傳教會，missioinary society (congregation)
本地修會，local religious congregations
宗座修會，pontifical order, congregation, society

隱修院，monastery
會院，convent, abbey
總會院，mother house
修院，seminary
會所，religious house

在俗，secular
在會，regular
俗人，lay
修道人，religious
傳教士，missionary

修生，seminarian
執事，deacon
司鐸，priest
主教，bishop
總主教，archbishop
宗主教，metropolitan
樞機，cardinal (bishop, priest, deacon)
教宗，pope
教皇，pope

謢教權，padroado, right of patronage
保教權，protectorate
傳信部，Propaganda Fide, congregation for the evangelization of peoples
宗座監牧區，apostolic prefecture
宗座代牧區，apostolic vicariate
教區，diocese, see, bishopric
總主教區，archbishopric
宗主教區，metropolitan see

領銜主教，titular bishop
輔理主教，auxiliary bishop
教區主教，diocesan bishop
助理主教，coadjutor bishop
副主教，vicar general
總主教區內教區，suffragan diocese
Catholic Encyclopedia

Various needs and charismata:
asceticism,
service,
community,
expansion,
structure,
secular and regular,
lay and religious

* Missionaries from Propaganda Fide (地區教會,宗座牧區)

Change of political climate:
1494: The Treaty of Tordesillas
1576: Diocese of Macao established
1582: Matteo Ricci in Macao
1622: the congregation for the propagation of Catholicism was instituted by the pope, entrusting to it those countries of Europe and America where the ecclesiastical hierarchy is not established. The "tassa dell'anello" (ring-tax) assessed on each newly appointed cardinal (500 gold scudi, later 600 silver scudi) was assigned to it.
1663: a seminary was founded by the MEP in Paris for the mission.
1705: procurator office in Canton
1773-1814: Jesuits suppressed
1850: Lombard Seminary for Foreign Missions

* Franciscans, OFM (託管)

St. Francis of Assisi founded three orders: the Friars Minor, the Poor Ladies or Clares, and the Brothers and Sisters of Penance (tertiary order:secular and regular).
The first order now comprises three separate bodies, namely: the Friars Minor properly so called, founded in 1209; the Friars Minor Conventuals, and the Friars Minor Capuchins.

Different intent:
destination, expertise

* Foreign Mission of Paris, MEP (分治)

MEP is not a religious order but a congregation, a society of secular priests, united as members of the same body, not by vows but by the rule approved by the Holy See, by community of object, and the seminary of Foreign Missions, which is the centre of the society and the common basis which sustains the other parts. On entering the society the missionaries promise to devote themselves until death to the service of the missions, while the society assures them in return, besides the means of sanctification and perseverance, all necessary temporal support and assistance.

Nurturing pastoral potentiality:
Japan, Canton

* Foreign Mission of Milan, MEM (交託)

New start:
commission, expansion

* Benedictine, Dominicans, La Salle Brothers (外援)

Peripheral function: education
spirituality, trading, teaching

Recommended reading:
The Foundation of the Catholic Mission in Hong Kong, 1841-1894 - Chapter Five
Hong Kong Catholic Diocesan Archives